Seismology is the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation of elastic waves through the Earth. It involves measuring and analyzing seismic waves to understand the Earth's internal structure, seismic activity, and the characteristics of earthquakes. Seismologists use instruments such as seismometers to detect and record seismic waves, which help to study the causes and effects of earthquakes, as well as to monitor and assess the seismic hazards in different regions. Seismology plays a crucial role in predicting and mitigating the impact of earthquakes on society and infrastructure.