Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, leading to vision loss and potentially blindness. It is often associated with high pressure in the eye, called intraocular pressure, but can also occur with normal or low pressure. Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide and is typically treated with eye drops, laser treatment, or surgery to lower eye pressure and prevent further damage to the optic nerve. Current research in glaucoma focuses on understanding the underlying causes of the disease, improving early detection methods, developing more effective treatments, and exploring potential risk factors such as genetics and lifestyle factors.