Peatlands are wetland ecosystems characterized by the accumulation of peat, which is formed from partially decomposed plant material in waterlogged conditions. These ecosystems are found in various regions around the world and play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle, as they store large amounts of carbon in the form of peat. Peatlands provide important ecosystem services such as water regulation, biodiversity conservation, and climate regulation. Research on peatlands focuses on understanding their ecology, biogeochemistry, hydrology, and the impacts of human activities on these sensitive ecosystems. Scientists also study how peatlands respond to climate change and ways to conserve and restore them for their ecological and climate benefits.