Electrospinning is a technique used to create nanofibers or microfibers by applying an electric field to a polymer solution or melt. This process involves feeding a polymer solution through a syringe and applying a high voltage to create a charged jet of the polymer solution that is ultimately collected on a grounded surface as a fiber. Electrospinning is commonly used in various fields such as tissue engineering, filtration, drug delivery, and energy storage due to its ability to produce fibers with high surface area and potential for controlled release of materials.