Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms that form on surfaces and are encased in a self-produced extracellular matrix. These structures can be found in a wide range of environments, from natural habitats such as soil and water to industrial settings like medical devices and pipelines. Biofilms are of particular interest in microbiology and biotechnology because they play a significant role in various processes, including microbial infections, biocorrosion, and wastewater treatment. The unique properties of biofilms, such as increased resistance to antibiotics and environmental stresses, make them challenging to control and eradicate. Research on biofilms explores their formation, structure, function, and the interactions between different microorganisms within the community. Scientists are also investigating the potential applications of biofilms in fields like bioremediation, biofilm-based sensors, and biofilm-derived products for medical and industrial use.