Transporters are proteins embedded in the cell membrane that play a crucial role in the movement of various molecules across the cell membrane. These proteins facilitate the transport of ions, nutrients, and other substances in and out of cells, contributing to a wide range of physiological processes such as nutrient uptake, waste removal, and signal transduction. Transporters can be categorized into different families based on their structure and the types of molecules they transport. Studying transporters and their function is important for understanding basic cellular processes and for developing strategies to target them for therapeutic purposes in various diseases.