Natural language processing (NLP) is a subfield of artificial intelligence that focuses on the interaction between computers and human languages. It involves developing algorithms and techniques to enable computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language in a way that is both meaningful and useful. NLP has a wide range of applications, including machine translation, text summarization, sentiment analysis, and chatbots. Research in NLP often involves exploring new approaches for language modeling, information retrieval, and deep learning to improve the accuracy and efficiency of natural language processing systems.