Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, which is stored in glucose molecules. This process involves capturing sunlight using chlorophyll and other pigments in chloroplasts, and converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Photosynthesis is essential for the survival of plants and is a key component of the carbon cycle, as it removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and produces oxygen as a byproduct. Studying photosynthesis is important for understanding plant biology, ecology, and the impact of climate change on plant growth and productivity.