Microorganisms are tiny living organisms that are too small to be seen with the naked eye. They include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protists, and can be found in virtually every environment on Earth. Microorganisms play a crucial role in many biological processes, such as nutrient cycling, decomposition, and symbiotic relationships with plants and animals. They can also have both positive and negative impacts on human health, agriculture, and industry. Research in this area focuses on studying the diversity, ecology, genetics, and potential applications of microorganisms.