Infertility is a complex medical condition that affects approximately 10-15% of couples worldwide. It is defined as the inability to conceive a child after at least one year of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. Infertility can be caused by a variety of factors, including hormonal imbalances, ovulation disorders, tubal blockages, sperm disorders, and age-related factors. Treatment for infertility can involve medications, surgery, assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), and lifestyle changes. Infertility can have significant emotional, psychological, and financial impacts on individuals and couples affected by it. Research in the field of infertility aims to better understand the underlying causes of infertility, improve diagnostic techniques and treatments, and support individuals and couples through the emotional challenges of dealing with infertility.