Electrodialysis is a separation process that uses an electric field to transport ions and separate them from a solution. It involves the use of an ion-exchange membrane to separate positively and negatively charged ions, allowing for the selective removal of specific ions from a solution. Electrodialysis is commonly used in industries such as water treatment, food industry, and pharmaceuticals for the separation and purification of ions from solutions. It is an efficient and environmentally friendly method of desalting water, removing heavy metals, and purifying various solutions.