Delocalization refers to a phenomenon in chemistry where electrons are not confined to a specific bond or atom within a molecule, but instead are spread out over multiple atoms. This leads to increased stability and can have important implications for the reactivity and properties of molecules. Delocalization is commonly seen in conjugated systems, such as in aromatic compounds like benzene, where electrons are able to move freely throughout the ring structure. Studying delocalization is important in understanding the behavior of organic molecules, as well as in the design of new materials with specific electronic properties.