Colectomy is a surgical procedure in which a part or the entire colon (large intestine) is removed. This may be done to treat various conditions such as colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulitis, or severe constipation. The procedure can be performed through open surgery or minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopy. Colectomy may be temporary or permanent, depending on the underlying condition and the extent of the surgery. After the procedure, patients may need to make dietary and lifestyle changes to adjust to the changes in their digestive system.