Immunology: Immunology is the study of the immune system and its functions in protecting the body from foreign substances and diseases. This field encompasses research on how the immune system responds to different pathogens, how it can be manipulated to treat diseases such as cancer and autoimmune disorders, and how vaccines can be developed to prevent infections. It also includes the study of immunodeficiencies and allergies. Immune responses involve a complex network of cells, tissues, and molecules that work together to identify and eliminate harmful substances while maintaining tolerance to self.