Venus is a research area in the study of planetary science and astronomy focused on the second planet from the Sun in our solar system. Venus is often referred to as Earth's "sister planet" due to its similar size and composition, but it is known for its extreme conditions, with a thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid clouds, high surface temperatures, and intense volcanic activity. Research on Venus aims to understand the planet's unique geology, atmosphere, and climate, as well as its potential for past or present habitability. Scientists study Venus using spacecraft, telescopes, and other observational tools to gather data on its surface features, atmospheric composition, and magnetic field. Research on Venus also seeks to shed light on the processes that shape rocky planets and the potential implications for understanding Earth's own evolution.