Transplantation refers to the medical procedure of transferring cells, tissues, or organs from one individual to another. This is typically done in cases where the recipient's own organ or tissue has failed or is damaged beyond repair. Organ transplantation, such as kidney, liver, heart, and lung transplants, has become a common treatment for a variety of medical conditions. Research in transplantation focuses on improving the success rates of transplants, reducing the risk of rejection, and finding ways to increase the availability of donor organs. Additional areas of research include stem cell transplantation and tissue engineering, which offer potential alternatives to traditional organ transplantation.