Toxins refer to harmful substances produced by living organisms that can cause damage or harm to other organisms. These substances can range from chemicals and proteins to microorganisms like bacteria or fungi. Toxins can be found in various sources such as plants, animals, and bacteria, and can have a wide range of effects on the human body, including poisoning, allergic reactions, or even death. Research in the area of toxins focuses on studying the mechanisms of toxin production, their effects on living organisms, and developing methods to detoxify or counteract their harmful effects. This research is important for understanding the impact of toxins on human health and the environment, as well as developing strategies to protect against their harmful effects.