Sovereignty is a concept in political theory and international relations that refers to the authority of a state to govern itself without interference from external powers. It is often understood as the supreme power and right of a state to make decisions and laws within its own territory, and to be recognized as a legitimate actor in the international community. Sovereignty is a foundational principle of the modern nation-state system and is central to issues of statehood, autonomy, and self-determination. Research in this area may explore the origins and evolution of sovereignty, its role in shaping international relations and conflict resolution, and the challenges to sovereignty posed by globalization, human rights, and transnational issues.