A sensor is a device that is used to detect and measure physical properties such as light, temperature, pressure, or motion. Sensors are used in a wide range of industries and applications, including environmental monitoring, medical devices, automotive systems, and consumer electronics. They typically work by converting a physical quantity into an electrical signal that can be measured and processed. Sensors play a crucial role in enabling the collection of data for various purposes, including monitoring, control, and analysis. The research area of sensors focuses on developing new sensor technologies, improving sensor performance, and exploring novel applications for sensors in different fields.