Sclerochronology is the study of the growth patterns recorded in the hard tissues of organisms, such as shells, corals, and otoliths (ear stones), to reconstruct their age and environmental conditions they have experienced throughout their lifetimes. This research area is commonly used in paleoclimatology, marine ecology, and archaeology to understand past climate conditions, environmental changes, and the life history of organisms. By analyzing the growth bands, isotopic ratios, and elemental compositions of these hard tissues, researchers can reconstruct long-term environmental changes and better understand the impact of anthropogenic activities on marine ecosystems.