Permafrost is a type of ground that remains frozen all year round, typically found in polar regions and high mountainous areas. It consists of a mixture of soil, rocks, and ice that has been frozen for at least two consecutive years. Permafrost plays a crucial role in global climate regulation and carbon storage, as it acts as a natural barrier preventing the release of stored greenhouse gases such as methane and carbon dioxide. Research in permafrost focuses on understanding the processes of thawing and freezing, as well as the impacts of climate change on permafrost degradation. Scientists study the potential release of greenhouse gases from thawing permafrost and its implications for global warming. They also investigate the effects of permafrost degradation on ecosystems, infrastructure, and human communities living in permafrost regions. Additionally, research in permafrost involves developing strategies for monitoring and mitigating the impacts of climate change on permafrost.