Oscillation refers to the regular back and forth movement or variation in a system or phenomenon. In the field of research, oscillations are studied in various disciplines such as physics, engineering, biology, and economics. These oscillations can occur in mechanical systems (like a pendulum swinging back and forth), electronic circuits (like a voltage alternating between positive and negative values), or biological systems (like the heartbeat or circadian rhythms). Researchers study the characteristics, causes, and effects of oscillations to better understand and control various systems and processes. Additionally, oscillations are a fundamental concept in the study of waves, vibrations, and dynamic systems.