Nocardiosis is a rare infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Nocardia. These bacteria are found in soil, water, and decaying organic matter, and can infect humans through inhalation or through breaks in the skin. Nocardiosis primarily affects the lungs, but can also spread to other parts of the body, including the brain, skin, and other organs. Symptoms of nocardiosis can vary widely depending on the part of the body that is infected, but may include fever, cough, chest pain, skin lesions, and neurological symptoms. Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of clinical signs, imaging studies, and laboratory tests to identify the bacteria. Treatment for nocardiosis typically involves a prolonged course of antibiotics, often lasting several months. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove infected tissue. Prognosis for nocardiosis varies depending on the severity of the infection and the overall health of the individual, but early detection and treatment are key to successful outcomes.