NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a family of transcription factors that play a critical role in regulating immune responses, inflammation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. NF-κB is activated in response to various stimuli, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, viral and bacterial infections, and oxidative stress. Research in the NF-κB field focuses on understanding the molecular mechanisms of NF-κB activation, its downstream signaling pathways, and the role of NF-κB in various diseases such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory conditions. Targeting NF-κB pathways for therapeutic interventions is also an active area of research in drug development and treatment strategies.