Neuroinflammation is a field of research that focuses on the immune response in the central nervous system, specifically in relation to neurological diseases and disorders. This immune response involves the activation of immune cells and release of inflammatory molecules in the brain and spinal cord, which can contribute to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Studying neuroinflammation can help researchers understand the underlying mechanisms of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and multiple sclerosis, and develop targeted therapies to modulate the immune response and protect brain function.