The Neolithic period, also known as the New Stone Age, was a time period in human history that began around 10,000 BC and lasted until around 4,500 BC. It is characterized by the development of agriculture, animal domestication, pottery making, and the use of polished stone tools. Research in the Neolithic period focuses on understanding how early human societies transitioned from hunter-gatherer lifestyles to settled agricultural communities. This period saw the rise of complex social structures, the development of early forms of religion and art, and the establishment of permanent settlements. Archaeologists study Neolithic sites and artifacts to uncover information about the daily lives, technologies, and cultural practices of ancient societies during this time period. They also investigate changes in diet, health, and migration patterns that occurred as a result of the transition to agriculture. Overall, research on the Neolithic period provides valuable insights into the origins of agriculture, the emergence of civilization, and the ways in which humans adapted to environmental and social changes during this pivotal period in human history.