Monitoring is the process of observing and tracking various parameters and activities to gather information about a specific system or environment. This can include monitoring the performance of computer systems, tracking changes in environmental conditions, or observing behavior patterns in a social setting. Monitoring allows researchers to collect data over time and identify trends, patterns, and anomalies that can help improve decision-making and address any issues that may arise. It is a critical component of research in many fields, including environmental science, healthcare, and technology.