Metformin is a widely used medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It works by decreasing glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, resulting in lower blood sugar levels. In addition to its role in managing diabetes, metformin has also been studied for its potential benefits in other conditions, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, obesity, and cancer. Research on metformin continues to explore its mechanisms of action, potential side effects, and applications in various medical conditions.