Macrophages are a type of white blood cell that play a key role in the immune system by engulfing and digesting cellular debris, foreign substances, microbes, and cancer cells. They are essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to infections and inflammation. Research in macrophages focuses on understanding their functions, interactions with other immune cells, and potential therapeutic strategies to modulate their activity in various diseases such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. Additionally, studies on macrophage polarization, plasticity, and metabolism are also of interest in this research area.