Macrophages are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the immune system by engulfing and digesting cellular debris, pathogens, and other harmful substances. They are part of the innate immune system and are involved in the process of inflammation, tissue repair, and defense against infections. Macrophages also play a role in regulating the immune response and coordinating the activities of other immune cells. Research in the area of macrophages focuses on understanding their functions, interactions with other cells, and potential therapeutic targets for various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases.