Heterostructures are materials composed of multiple layers of different compounds or elements, with each layer having different physical, electronic, or optical properties. These structures can be created by stacking layers of different materials on top of each other, resulting in unique and desirable properties that are not present in the individual components alone. Heterostructures are widely used in various fields, including electronics, optoelectronics, and photonics, due to their ability to control and manipulate the flow of electrons, light, and other particles. They can be engineered to have specific properties, such as strong light-matter interactions, high electron mobility, or tunable bandgaps, making them highly versatile and suitable for a wide range of applications. Research in heterostructures focuses on understanding their fundamental properties, developing novel synthesis techniques, and exploring new ways to exploit their unique characteristics for advanced technologies. Overall, heterostructures play a crucial role in advancing the field of materials science and are paving the way for innovative and high-performance devices.