ERAD (Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation) is a cellular mechanism that targets and eliminates misfolded or unassembled proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of cells. This process is crucial for maintaining the quality control of proteins within the cell and preventing the accumulation of toxic aggregates. ERAD involves a complex network of proteins and enzymes that recognize, extract, and degrade aberrant proteins, ultimately leading to their disposal by the proteasome. Dysregulation of ERAD has been implicated in a variety of human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and certain types of cancer. Research in this area aims to further understand the molecular mechanisms of ERAD and explore its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of various diseases.