Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, which are sudden, brief changes in the brain's electrical activity that cause symptoms such as convulsions, loss of consciousness, and abnormal sensations or behavior. These seizures can vary in frequency and intensity, and can be triggered by a variety of factors including genetics, brain injury, infections, and brain tumors. Treatment for epilepsy typically involves medication to help control seizures, but in some cases, surgery or other therapies may be necessary. Research in epilepsy focuses on understanding the underlying causes of the disorder, developing new treatments, and improving the quality of life for individuals living with epilepsy.