Electronics is a branch of science and technology that deals with the study and application of electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as semiconductor devices. It encompasses the design, development, fabrication, and operation of electronic devices and systems. Electronics has a wide range of applications in various fields such as telecommunications, computing, medical devices, and consumer electronics. Researchers in the field of electronics work on improving the performance, efficiency, and functionality of electronic devices through innovations in materials, components, and design techniques. Major research areas in electronics include semiconductors, integrated circuits, digital signal processing, electromagnetic compatibility, and power electronics.