Earthquakes are natural phenomena that occur when there is a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust, resulting in the shaking of the ground. They are typically caused by the movement of tectonic plates, volcanic activity, or other geological processes. Earthquakes can vary in intensity and can cause significant damage to buildings, infrastructure, and natural landscapes. Researchers study earthquakes to better understand their causes, predict their occurrence, and mitigate their impacts on society. This research involves studying seismology, fault lines, plate tectonics, and other related fields to improve our understanding of earthquakes and develop strategies to reduce their destructive effects.