Cytokines are proteins produced by various cells in the immune system that act as signaling molecules to regulate inflammation, immunity, and hematopoiesis. They play a crucial role in mediating communication between cells and are involved in the initiation, regulation, and resolution of immune responses. Research in the field of cytokines focuses on understanding their functions, interactions, and dysregulation in various diseases, such as autoimmune disorders, cancer, and infectious diseases. This knowledge is used to develop targeted therapies and interventions to modulate cytokine signaling and improve patient outcomes.