Cystoscopy is a medical procedure in which a doctor inserts a thin, flexible tube with a camera (cystoscope) into the urethra and up into the bladder in order to examine the inside of the bladder and urethra. This procedure is commonly used to diagnose and monitor conditions affecting the bladder and urinary tract, such as urinary tract infections, bladder stones, and bladder tumors. Cystoscopy can also be used to perform certain treatments, such as removing small bladder stones or taking biopsies of suspicious areas. It is usually performed in a doctor's office or outpatient setting and is considered a minimally invasive procedure.