Conceptualization is the process of defining and developing a conceptual framework for a research study. This involves identifying the key concepts, variables, and relationships that will be explored in the study, as well as developing a clear and coherent theoretical framework to guide the research. Conceptualization is important because it helps researchers clarify their research questions, hypotheses, and goals, and provides a solid foundation for designing and conducting the study. It is a critical step in the research process that helps ensure that the study is well-thought out, theoretically grounded, and effectively addresses the research problem.