Biofuels are a type of renewable energy derived from biological materials such as plants, algae, or animal waste. They are typically used as an alternative to conventional fossil fuels, such as gasoline and diesel, in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on finite resources. Biofuels can be produced through processes such as fermentation, pyrolysis, or chemical conversion, and can be used in a variety of applications including transportation, heating, and electricity generation. Research in the field of biofuels focuses on developing more efficient production methods, improving the sustainability of feedstocks, and increasing the overall viability of biofuels as a mainstream energy source.