Apoptosis is a crucial and tightly regulated process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. It plays a key role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by eliminating unwanted or damaged cells. Apoptosis is characterized by a series of biochemical events that ultimately lead to cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and the formation of apoptotic bodies that are engulfed by phagocytes. Dysregulation of apoptosis is associated with various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the mechanisms and regulation of apoptosis has important implications for developing therapeutic strategies for these disorders.