The research area of absence focuses on understanding and evaluating the impact of missing data in research studies. Absence refers to the phenomenon of incomplete or unavailable data in a dataset, which can occur for a variety of reasons such as participant non-response, data collection errors, or study design limitations. Researchers in this field develop statistical methods and techniques to analyze datasets with missing data, assess the potential biases introduced by missing data, and explore strategies for handling and imputing missing values. The goal of absence research is to improve the accuracy and reliability of study findings in the presence of missing data.