Unemployment is a key economic indicator that measures the number of people in the labor force who are actively seeking work but are unable to find employment. It is typically expressed as a percentage of the total labor force and is closely monitored by policymakers, economists, and the public as a reflection of the health of the economy. Unemployment can have a wide range of social and economic consequences, including decreased consumer spending, lower tax revenues, and increased demand for government assistance programs. Researchers in this area study the causes and effects of unemployment, as well as strategies to reduce and mitigate its impacts.