Tracing is a research area that deals with the process of analyzing and understanding the flow of information or events within a system. It involves tracking the paths of data, processes, or activities as they move through a system or network. Tracing can be used to identify performance bottlenecks, diagnose errors, detect security breaches, and understand overall system behavior. Researchers in this area develop techniques, tools, and methodologies for capturing, analyzing, and visualizing trace data to gain insights into system behavior and improve performance, security, and reliability. The goal of tracing research is to enable more effective monitoring, troubleshooting, and optimization of complex computer systems.