Terranes are distinct geological units or blocks of crust that have different origins and histories than the surrounding rock formations. They are often characterized by unique structural, lithological, and tectonic features that set them apart from their surroundings. Terranes are commonly found in regions of complex tectonic activity, such as mountain belts or areas with multiple collision events. The study of terranes involves examining their composition, structure, and history in order to understand how they were formed and how they have interacted with the surrounding rock formations over time. Researchers use a variety of techniques, including mapping, field observations, geochemical analysis, and geochronology, to study terranes and their relationships to one another. Overall, the study of terranes is important for understanding the tectonic history and evolution of a region, as well as for reconstructing ancient continental configurations and plate movements. This research area helps geologists piece together the complex history of Earth's crust and better understand the processes that have shaped the planet over millions of years.