Sonication is a technique used in various scientific fields, such as chemistry, biology, and material science, for the purpose of disrupting cells, homogenizing samples, or extracting compounds. It involves the use of high-frequency sound waves to create cavitation, which generates intense forces that can break down biological structures or materials. Sonication is often used in laboratory settings to facilitate processes such as DNA extraction, protein extraction, nanoparticle synthesis, and emulsification. It is a versatile and efficient method for processing samples quickly and effectively.