Recombination is a fundamental genetic process that involves the exchange of genetic material between two different DNA molecules or chromosomes. This process plays a crucial role in DNA repair, genetic diversity, and the creation of new genetic combinations. Recombination can occur through various mechanisms, such as homologous recombination, non-homologous end joining, or transposition. It is essential for genetic diversity and evolution in all forms of life, from bacteria to humans. Researchers study recombination to understand its mechanisms, regulation, and implications for genetic variation and disease.