Recidivism refers to the tendency for individuals who have been involved in criminal activity to reoffend and return to the criminal justice system after being released from incarceration or completing a sentence. Research in this area typically focuses on identifying factors that contribute to recidivism, such as socio-economic status, substance abuse, mental health issues, and lack of access to education or employment opportunities. The goal of studying recidivism is to develop effective strategies and interventions to reduce reoffending rates and support successful reentry into society for individuals with a criminal history.