Pretreatment is a research area that focuses on the preparation of materials, chemicals, or substances for further processing or analysis. It involves various techniques and methods aimed at improving the quality, purity, or compatibility of the materials before they are used in experiments, manufacturing processes, or other applications. In the context of biological or environmental research, pretreatment may involve sample preparation procedures such as extraction, filtration, and purification to remove impurities or unwanted components. In the pharmaceutical industry, pretreatment may involve the modification or enhancement of drug formulations to improve their stability, effectiveness, or bioavailability. Overall, pretreatment plays a crucial role in ensuring the reliability and accuracy of experimental results, as well as the quality and safety of products in various industries. It is an essential step in the research and development process, helping to streamline operations and optimize outcomes.