Neonates are newborn infants, typically defined as babies up to 28 days old. Research in this area focuses on various aspects of newborn health and development, including factors influencing neonatal mortality rates, optimal care practices for premature or low birth weight infants, interventions to improve neonatal outcomes, and understanding the unique physiological and developmental characteristics of neonates. This research is essential for improving the quality of care and outcomes for newborns in the critical first few weeks of life.