Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by certain fungi that can contaminate agricultural crops, especially grains and cereals. These toxins pose a significant threat to human and animal health as they can cause a range of adverse effects, including acute poisoning, immune suppression, and chronic diseases such as cancer. Research in the field of mycotoxins focuses on understanding their occurrence, distribution, and toxic effects, as well as developing methods for detection, prevention, and control of mycotoxin contamination in food and feed. Understanding the impacts of mycotoxins on human and animal health is crucial for ensuring food safety and security worldwide.